Zero Stigma Day: Celebrating Advances in HIV Prevention and Treatment
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July 21 is celebrated around the world as , increasing awareness and understanding of people living with HIV. With significant advances in prevention and available treatment options, we can begin addressing the stigma associated with the disease.ÌýÌý
Through the Center for Special Studies (CSS) at ³ûÖÊÓƵ, we work to reduce stigma through education, health care and support. As a designated AIDS care facility, CSS offers multidisciplinary health care to people living with HIV and AIDS, focusing on the physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of patients and their families.Ìý
Defining HIV StigmaÌý
HIV stigma is placing judgment on or having a negative attitude towards individuals with HIV, are taking steps to prevent HIV (including medication) or might be at risk. HIV stigma can be the result of:ÌýÌý
- A lack of education regarding prevention and treatment options for HIV and AIDSÌý
- Misunderstanding or not knowing how HIV is transmitted and who can become infectedÌý
- The belief that people get HIV because of their lifestyle choicesÌý
Social stigma towards HIV-positive individuals and their families can cause shame, despair and unnecessary ostracization. The best way to is with education and open conversations about the disease. The more widespread the topic becomes, the less chance for misinformation and prejudice.ÌýÌý
HIV-Related Health DisparitiesÌý
HIV can affect anyone at any age, but certain factors can affect people’s risk for HIV. Socioeconomic disadvantages, such as poverty and lack of education, can limit access to HIV prevention resources and health care. Stigma and discrimination based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender identity can also create barriers to health care.ÌýÌýÌý
Among the estimated 1.2 million people in the U.S. who are HIV-positive, approximately 13% of them are unaware of their diagnosis, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Ìý
HIV is also disproportionately widespread in the Black and Latino communities, especially among women. In fact, new HIV infection rates among Black women are 10 times and four times greater than those of white and Latina women, respectively.ÌýÌý
Know Your Risk, Know Your StatusÌý
If you’re between ages 13 and 64, you should get tested for HIV at least once as part of routine care. Many communities offer free testing, and are also available. The sooner you start treatment, the better your outcome, and HIV awareness means you can prevent the further spread of the disease.ÌýÌý
Risk factors for HIV include:Ìý
- Having unprotected sexÌý
- Using injected illegal drugsÌý
- Having sex with someone in exchange for money or drugs or with someone who has done soÌý
- Having a sexually transmitted infection (STI)Ìý
- Receiving a blood transfusion between 1978 and 1985Ìý
HIV is spread through the exchange of bodily fluids, including pre-semen, semen, vaginal fluid, rectal fluid, blood and breastmilk. In the U.S., it’s most often transmitted through sexual intercourse and the use of dirty needles to inject illicit drugs.Ìý
Prevention and Treatment of HIVÌýÌý
Prevention of HIV infection continues to evolve.ÌýÌý
Condoms, when used correctly, are still an effective way to reduce your risk of getting any STI, including HIV.Ìý
In addition, preventive medications are proving to be highly successful. There are two types available:Ìý
- PreP, pre-exposure prophylaxis, prevents HIV infection from spreading. When used as prescribed, it’s 99% effective.Ìý
- PeP, post-exposure prophylaxis, is an emergency-use medication that can prevent HIV infection after possible exposure. The medication must be started within 72 hours of exposure and taken as prescribed to be effective.Ìý
Although there is no cure for HIV, continued antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications can lower a person’s HIV load to levels that are undetectable. We still have a long way to go toward eradicating HIV, but people living with it can take steps to lower or even eliminate their risk of transmission and enjoy a long, fulfilling life.Ìý
Have questions about HIV prevention and treatment? Find a provider at ³ûÖÊÓƵ.ÌýÌý